Chronic Diseases Prevention Review (Online ISSN: 2158-0820)

by  Chongwen Zheng, Hongyun Li

Chronic Diseases Prevention Review 2018 2(5) 8-12; published online 5 January 2018

Abstract: To observe the relationship between collateral circulation with cerebral infarction and neurological deficit in patients with severe internal carotid artery stenosis. 108 patients were selected who are unilateral internal carotid artery severe stenosis and were compared the incidence of cerebral infarction and type of infarction and NIHSS score. Among the 108 patients, 54 patients were first collateral circulation, while 20 patients were cerebral infarction. 35 patients were secondary collateral circulation, while 25 patients were cerebral infarction. 19 patients were without cerebral infarction, while 17 patients were cerebral infarction. The difference of collateral circulation has statistically significant (P<0.01). The difference of cerebral infarction type caused by different collateral circulation was not statistically significant (P<0.01). Neurological function scores of patients were statistically significant who were different collateral circulation (P<0.01). There were significant differences in the incidence of cerebral infarction, the type of cerebral infarction and the neurological deficit of the patients with different collateral circulation. There was obvious in protective effect of cerebral collateral circulation on the brain.

by  Yong Tao, Guangen Yang, Jianming Qiu, Xiujun Liao, Weiming Mao, Changjian Wang, Dong Wang, 

      Hongtao Wang, Chao Fu

Chronic Diseases Prevention Review 2018 2(5) 13-18; published online 25 January 2018

Abstract: The aim of this study was to demonstrate the clinical significance of the preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in association with tumor stage of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. We undertook a retrospective review of 144 patients with colorectal cancer. Preoperative whole blood counts, serum levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen (CA-199), and clinicopathologic data were collected. The correlations between laboratory parameters and the tumor, node, and metastasis (TNM) stages were analyzed. ROC analysis indicated that both NLR (0.79) and PLR (0.64) had the comparable predictive powers for the presence of CRC in the general patient group. Kruskal-Wallis analysis revealed that significant elevations of NLR (P=0.0018) was firstly detected in all stages and showed a stage-dependent increase following the development of T, M stage (all P<0.05), while PLR was only identified as an independent factor for the T stage development (P<0.05). Accordingly, NLR and PLR was also identified as an independent factor associated with tumor grade (all P<0.05) by the univariate and multivariate regression analysis model. Thus, our data indicated that both neutrophil-and platelet-mediated inflammatory reactions are predominantly involved in the different stages of CRC development. Determination of pretreatment levels of NLR and PLR might provide useful information for the early diagnosis or the therapeutic choices in CRC patients.

by  Junyu Wu, Haining Meng, Liping Liang, Qiao Huang, Jiawei Huang, 

       Yixuan Luo, Xuekun He, Shengwei Xu, Ruowu Shen

Chronic Diseases Prevention Review 2018 2(5) 19-24; published online 25 January 2018

Abstract: To investigate whether abnormally high expression of miRNA-375 is associated with epithelial cell mesenchymal transition (EMT) in lung cancer cells. The stable overexpression cell line was constructed by lentivirus and transfected into empty vector as a control group. The expression of miRNA-375 was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. The protein expression of EMT-related protein E-cadherin and Vimentin were detected in three groups of cells by western blot. The cell invasion and metastasis were evaluated by transwell methods and wound healing. EMT of lung cancer A549 cells was characterized by mesenchymal cell cytoskeleton and morphology, and the expression of EMT-related marker protein E-cadherin was down regulated while the expression of Vimentin was up regulated. Transwell methods and wound healing showed that aberrant expression of miRNA-375 in A549 cells was significantly increased (P<0.05). The abnormal expression of microRNA-375 is associated with EMT in lung cancer A549 cells.

by  Xianglin Ji, Jihui Yin, Xiaojun Ma, Hui Huang, Aihua Jiang

Chronic Diseases Prevention Review 2018 2(5) 25-29; published online 25 February2018

Abstract: To observe the effect of different concentration of ropivacaine that were used for sciatic nerve and femoral nerve block on postoperative muscle strength recovery and postoperative pain after the total knee arthroplasty under the ultrasonic guidance. 90 patients who had undergone unilateral TKA were randomly divided into the group Q, the group W, the group E (n=30). The patients of the three groups were treated with different concentration of ropivacaine 20ml (the group Q, 0.35%, the group W, 0.375%, the group E, 0.4%) for sciatic nerve block, and 0.4% ropivacaine 20ml were performed femoral nerve block. The heart rate, blood pressure and mean arterial pressure were observed during the operation to evaluate the analgesic effect. The patient's pain was assessed by visual analogue scale (visual, analogue, score, VAS). The ankle pump movement was used Score of hospital for special surgery (HSS score) to assess the recovery of muscle strength after the operation. The group Q’s data shows a higher postoperative pain score than the others (VAS≥4 score) and the muscle strength recovers quickly than the others (T≤24h). The postoperative pain score of the group W and the group E are lower than group Q (VAS≤4 score). The group W that the recovery of motor function is earlier (≤24h), but the recovery of motor function of the group E costs much time (≥24h). There is no statistical significance that is Age, gender, height, American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) and weight in the three groups (p>0.05). The difference is statistically significant that is the ankle pump movement of time and VAS of the three groups (p<0.05). From the point of view of analgesia, the group W and the group E are suitable for TKA (VAS≤4 score), but the time that is the recovery of motor function of 0.4% ropivacaine is longer than the others (T≥24h). From the point of view of the time of muscle recovery, the group Q and the group W are fit. But the group Q has higher VAS scores than the others (VAS≥4 score). Not only does it reduce the patient's postoperative pain, but little affects the patient's early functional exercise.