Chronic Diseases Prevention Review (Online ISSN: 2158-0820)

by Xiaotian Gao, Jiexin Zhao, Feng Gao, Jin Xie, Fei Liu, Luoyi Shi

Chronic Diseases Prevention Review 2021 5(18) 1-7; published online  19 September2021

Abstract: Stroke induces mood and cognitive impairments, about 30% of which are antidepressants-resistant. To investigate the evidence and related molecular mechanisms of fluoxetine on fluoxetine-resistant sedentary ischemic stroke rats. Wistar rats after middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion were randomly divided into Sham, Sedentary, fluoxetine-effective (Flu-E), fluoxetine-resistant (Flu-R) groups. The behavioral tests (open field test for anxiety, and delayed non-matching to place task for spatial pattern separation) were performed before and after intervention. We investigated regional changes in neurogenesis by immunohistochemical staining for doublecortin (DCX) and brainderived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the dorsal dentate gyrus (dDG) and ventral DG (vDG). The depression behaviors with pattern separation deficit and impaired hippocampal neurogenesis in the dDG were found in the fluoxetine-resistant sedentary cerebral ischemic rats. Fluoxetine significantly increased the BDNF and DCX expression level in the both dDG and vDG in the fluoxetine-effective rats, while there was no significant difference in fluoxetine-resistant group. Traditional antidepressants for treating depressive disorders with cognitive deficits have limited efficacy. It is necessary to explore the region-specific effects of stress on neurogenesis and region-specific changes in cognitive and emotional behaviors along the septo-temporal axis of hippocampus.

by  Luoyi Shi, Feng Gao, Bao Zhang, Fei Liu, Song Yuan, Xiaotian Gao

Chronic Diseases Prevention Review 2021 5(18)8-13; published online   1 September 2021

Abstract: Stroke induces mood impairments, about 30% of which are antidepressants-resistant. To investigate the evidence and related molecular mechanisms of physical exercise on post stroke depression (PSD) rats. Wistar rats after middle cerebral artery occlusion/ reperfusion and chronic unpredictable mild stress were randomly divided into Sham, PSD and physical exercise groups. The behavioral tests (sucrose preference test for depression, open field test for anxiety) were performed before and after intervention. We investigated regional changes in neurogenesis by Nissl staining, western blotting and immunohistochemical staining for BDNF, doublecortin (DCX) in the dentate gyrus (DG). The depression/anxiety-like behaviors and impaired hippocampal neurogenesis in the DG were found in PSD rats. Physical exercise intervention reversed both depression/anxiety-like behaviors, increase the expression of DCX, BDNF in the DG. Physical exercise could be a viable adjunctive strategy in combination with antidepressants as an effectively protective intervention for PSD rats, might via increasing neurogenesis in DG.

by Ling Yan Xiaofeng Yuan Donglin Zhu Mingliang Li

Chronic Diseases Prevention Review 2021 5(18)14-19; published online  21 October 2021

Abstract: To investigate the prognosis of antiviral therapy in chronic hepatitis B patients with HBsAg and anti-HBs co-existence. Methods: Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) was used to screen patients with HBsAg and anti-HBs co-existence (experimental group) and HBsAg-positive patients (control group) in patients with chronic hepatitis B. The levels of serum HBV DNA load, AFP and hepatic function before and after the administration of the drug were measured, the effect of antiviral therapy and the prognosis of patients were analyzed compared. Results: There was no significant difference in the age, gender and other basic indicators between the experimental group and the control group (P>0.05). In the experimental group, after the antiviral treatment, the HBV DNA load, AFP, and liver function were improved compared with baseline characteristics, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). In the experimental group and the control group, the differences in HBV DNA load, AFP, and liver function levels before and after antiviral treatment were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions: Antiviral treatment of patients with co-existent HBsAg and anti-HBs in chronic hepatitis B patients as well as antiviral treatment in patients with HBsAg-positive chronic hepatitis B has significantly improved their prognosis, but the prognosis of the former is slightly worse than that of the latter, patients are more likely to develop cirrhosis and even liver cancer, which should attract laboratory and clinical attention.